Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2019 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 8 Articles
Paediatric cataract surgery is associated with several complications among\nwhich is high ocular inflammatory response. Conventionally immediate\npost-operative subconjunctival steroid with adjuvant systemic and frequent\ntopical steroids have been used to control post-operative inflammation. Studies\nhave reported the advantage of intracameral dexamethasone in decreasing\npostoperative inflammation. Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcome of\nintracameral dexamethasone in paediatric cataract surgery in Evangelical\nChurch of West Africa (ECWA) Eye Hospital, Kano. Method: This was a\nprospective study of 694 paediatric cataract surgeries from January 2006 to\nDecember 2014. All the patients were given intracameral dexamethasone 0.4\nmg (0.1 ml) immediately after surgery. Each patient had surgical intervention\non one eye. Evaluation was done on first, third postoperative day, one week\nand four weeks later (follow up visits). Outcomes were measured on the\nfourth week post-operation. Examination of children was done with help of\nslit lamp for cells, flare or any other sign of inflammation. In case of\nnon-cooperative children examination was done with microscope under sedation/\ngeneral anaesthesia for fibrinous reaction, exudative membrane, posterior\nsynechiae and red reflex....
Purpose. To characterize new combined surgical techniques for the management of malignant glaucoma. Methods. In a retrospective,\ninterventional case series, goniosynechialysis, peripheral iridectomy, zonulo-hyaloidectomy, and anterior vitrectomy,\nwith or without peripheral capsulectomy, were performed on nine eyes. If the patient was phakic, we performed both\nphacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Results. Resolution of malignant glaucoma was achieved in all cases with\nanterior chamber deepening. Topical antiglaucoma medications were used to control the intraocular pressure in one eye. No\nrecurrence was observed after a median follow-up of 9 months. No complications occurred during surgery or the postoperative\nperiod. Conclusions. Thecombined surgical methods can completely eliminate blockade and aqueous misdirection and represent a\npromising treatment for malignant glaucoma....
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Purpose: We aimed to evaluate 458 infants, who were followed up due to retinopathy\nof prematurity (ROP), demographically and epidemiologically.\nMethods: 458 infants with ROP, who were referred from our hospitalâ??s neonatal\nintensive care unit and from other health centers to our clinic for the\nstaging and treatment between February 2016 and December 2017, were studied\nretrospectively. Design: Retrospective-observational study. Results: Of\nthe 458 infants, 243 infants (53.06%) did not have ROP and they were at a\nmean of 32nd (26 - 35) gestational week, weighing a mean of 1700 (820 -\n2830) gr. The remaining 215 (46.94%) infants were diagnosed with ROP at\nvarious stages and they were at a mean of 29th (23 - 35) gestational week,\nweighing a mean of 1180 (490 - 2850) gr. Of the infants without ROP, 116\n(47.7%) were females and 127 (52.3%) were males. The mean duration of stay\nat the incubator was a mean of 16.5 (0 - 120) days and the mean duration of\nfollow-up was a mean of 43 (40 - 56) weeks. 103 (40.2%) of them were\nbreastfed only. Of the infants with ROP at various stages, 95 (44.2%) were\nfemales, and 120 (55.8%) were males. The mean duration of stay at the incubator\nwas 42 (6 - 195) days, and the mean duration of follow-up was 48 (40 -\n73) weeks. 43 (20.0%) of them were breastfed only. 32 (13.2%) infants without\nROP were born of multi-fetal pregnancies. Only 1 of them was born as one of\nthe triplets. Of the babies with ROP; 56 (26.04%) were born of multi-fetal\npregnancies, 5 of them being triplets. The numerical values of the gestational\nweek at birth and the birth weight, and the rates of breastfeeding were lower\nin infants with ROP compared to the ones without it (p < 0.001). However,\ntheir follow-up durations were longer (p < 0.001). There was observed a male\npredominance and multi-fetal pregnancies in the infants with ROP (respectively,\np > 0.05, <0.001). Conclusions: This study showed that the gestational age, birth weight, breastfeeding rates, birth history and follow-up periods of\nmultiple fetal pregnancies were different in ROP infants compared to\nnon-ROP infants....
Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the clinical outcomes achieved by using initial high-dose\nintravitreal ganciclovir injections to treat cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients without human immunodeficiency\nvirus (HIV) infection.\nMethods: Twenty-four eyes (24 patients) with cytomegalovirus retinitis received multiple intravitreal injections of\nganciclovir in weekly intervals. A higher dose (6 mg) of ganciclovir was applied at the first intravitreal injection, and\na lower dose was used for maintenance. Anterior aqueous humour was obtained before each injection. The bestcorrected\nvisual acuity and cytomegalovirus loads in the anterior aqueous humour were measured�������...
Background: To report a case of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) following simultaneous\nrabies vaccination.\nCase presentation: Review of the clinical, laboratory, photographic, optical coherence tomographic (OCT),\nfundus autofluorescent, angiographic, electrophysiologic, and perimetric records of a patient suffering from\nMEWDS. Results: A healthy 33-year-old Chinese female suffering from rapidly progressive visual loss of her left\neye associated with photopsia and a para-central scotoma, seven days after receiving simultaneous rabies\nvaccination. Both anterior segments and fundus examination were unremarkable. The findings on OCT,\nelectrophysiology, and perimetry were pathognomonic for MEWDS.\nConclusions: The clinical presentation and the benign course were consistent with the diagnosis of MEWDS.\nNo other events could be identified as a cause, other than the rabies vaccination. This case may suggest an\nautoimmune basis for MEWDS in predisposed patients....
Background: Despite the potential usefulness of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal and optic disc\nconditions, the reliability of the imaging modality remains unclear. This study set out to measure the microvascular\ndensity of macula and optic disc by mean of optical coherence tomography angiography and report the repeatability of\nthe vessel density measurements.\nMethods: Cross sectional observational cohort study. Subjects with normal eyes were recruited. Two sets of\noptical coherence tomography angiography images of macula and optic nerve head were acquired during\none visit. Novel in-house developed software was used to count the pixels in each images and to compute\nthe microvessel density of the macula and optic disc. Data were analysed to determine the measurement\nrepeatability.\nResults: A total of 176 eyes from 88 consecutive normal subjects were recruited. For macular images, the mean vessel\ndensity at superficial retina, deep retina, outer retina and choriocapillaries segment was OD 0.113 and OS 0.111, OD 0.\n239 and OS 0.230, OD 0.179 and OS 0.164, OD 0.237 and OS 0.215 respectively. For optic disc images, mean vessel\ndensity at vitreoretinal interface, radial peripapillary capillary, superficial nerve head and disc segment at the level of\nchoroid were OD 0.084 and OS 0.085, OD 0.140 and OS 0.138, OD 0.216 and OS 0.209, OD 0.227 and OS 0.236\nrespectively. The measurement repeatability tests showed that the coefficient of variation of macular scans, for right\nand left eyes, ranged from 6.4 to 31.1% and 5.3 to 59.4%. Likewise, the coefficient of variation of optic disc scans, for\nright and left eyes, ranged from 14.3 to 77.4% and 13.5 to 75.3%.\nConclusions: Optical coherence tomography angiography is a useful modality to visualise the microvasculature plexus\nof macula and optic nerve head. The vessel density measurement of macular scan by mean of optical coherence\ntomography angiography demonstrated good repeatability. The optic disc scan, on the other hand, showed a higher\ncoefficient of variation indicating a lower measurement repeatability than macular scan. Interpretation of optical\ncoherence tomography angiography should take into account test-retest repeatability of the imaging system.\nTrial registration: National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board (NHG DSRB) Singapore. DSRB Reference:\n2015/00301...
Purpose. To investigate the incidence and timing of prechoroidal cleft development and its association with visual prognosis in\ntype 3 neovascularization. Methods. This retrospective study included 166 eyes that were diagnosed with type 3 neovascularization.\nAll eyes were treated with antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. The incidence and timing of prechoroidal cleft development\nwere evaluated. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at diagnosis and at final follow-up was compared between eyes\nwith (cleft group) and without (no-cleft group) prechoroidal cleft. The incidence of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tear and\nsubretinal hemorrhage was also compared between the two groups....
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